Pakistan is situated along the northeast border of India. Seasonal temperatures vary throughout Pakistan. With the exception of the far north, summers are hot throughout the country with temperatures ranging from 90-120°F (32-49°C) and little nighttime relief. Pakistan is a developing nation in the lowest 25% of the world's economies. Tourist facilities are available in the principal population centers of the country. Adequate medical care is available in Karachi and Islamabad but is not up to the standards of industrialized countries. Medical care is substandard in the rest of the country. Adequate evacuation coverage for all travelers is a high priority. In the event of serious medical conditions every effort should be made to go to Western Europe.
The resources of Pakistan are primarily agricultural. The country's mineral resources include salt, chromite, coal, gypsum, limestone, manganese, sulfur, clay, graphite, copper, petroleum, and natural gas. Vegetation in Pakistan varies according to elevation. Alpine flora grows on the higher slopes. Forests of spruce, evergreen oak, chir or cheer pine, and a cedar known as the deodar are found at lower elevations. Animal life abounds in Pakistan, including deer, boar, bear, crocodile, and waterfowl. In the freshwater and saltwater areas, fish of many varieties are found. Marine life includes herring, mackerel, sharks, and shellfish. The climate of Pakistan varies widely from place to place. In the mountain regions of the north and west, temperatures fall below freezing during winter; in the Indus Valley area, temperatures range between about 32° and 49°C (about 90° and 120°F) in summer, and the average in winter is about 13°C (about 55°F). Throughout most of Pakistan rainfall is scarce. The Punjab region receives the most precipitation, more than 500 mm (20 in) per year. The arid regions of the southeast and southwest receive less than 125 mm (5 in) annually. Most rain falls in July and August.

Full country name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Area: 803,940 sq km (310,300 sq mi)
Population: 144.6 million
Capital city: Islamabad (pop. approx. 350,000)
People: Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtu, Baloch, Muhajir
Language: Urdu (official), Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtu, English
Religion: 97% Muslim, 3% Christian and Hindu
Government: Federal Republic
President & Chief Executive: Gen. Pervez Musharraf
GDP: US$282 billion
GDP per head: US$2000
Annual growth: 5%
Inflation: 5.2%
Major industries: Textiles, sugar, vegetable oils, agricultural products, cement, fertilizers, steel, chemicals, sporting goods, carpets
Major trading partners: US, Japan, Germany, UK, Saudi Arabia, UAE